As I've noted before, my major claim to fame on the internet is a list of all the stories in Isaac Asimov's positronic robot/Foundation timeline (both by Asimov himself and by other writers) that I first posted on Usenet back in 1998, and which was picked up by Ed Seiler for his Isaac Asimov Home Page. Oddly, though, I've never posted the list here on my own blog. Until now.
The impetus for this monumental undertaking is twofold: first, an email from an Asimov fan named Jim Syler asking about the date of "Satisfaction Guaranteed", and second, the recent publication of the first of Mickey Zucker Reichert's trio of novels featuring a young Susan Calvin, I Robot: To Protect.
Including Reichert's novel in the list, though, presents me with a bit of a problem, and I'd like to talk about it. Back when Asimov collected his robot stories in I, Robot in 1950, he set the stories very specifically in the years 1998 through 2052. He also established Susan Calvin's birth in the year 1982. Those would have seemed like safely distant future dates back in 1950, but the passing years have caught up with I, Robot, as they eventually do to all science fiction stories set in the future. The earliest of the stories, "Robbie", is now set in a 1998 that never was, and the 26-year-old Susan Calvin that Reichert is writing about would be living four years ago. When Reichert was faced with this problem, she decided (wisely I think) to push Calvin's birth forward twenty-seven years to 2009, and set the story in the year 2035.
So, how do I fit in Reichert's born-in-2009-Calvin novels into my list with the original born-in-1982-Calvin stories by Asimov himself? I've decided to place I, Robot: To Protect in 2008, which is where it would have gone if Reichert had kept to Asimov's original timeline, and note parenthetically that the novel sets itself in 2035. It's an imperfect solution, but the best I can come up with. And since the story "Satisfaction Guaranteed" has a similar dating problem, I'll do the same with it.
So, with all that out of the way, here is my current version of the Insanely Complete Robot/Foundation Fiction List, consisting of the date, the story title, and (where necessary), which Asimov collection it can be found in. Following Ed Seiler's lead, works in black are by Asimov himself; works in blue are by other writers with the approval of the Asimov Estate, and works in red are by other writers but are not necessarily canonical:
1995 - "A Boy's Best Friend" (The Complete Robot)
1998 - "Robbie" (I, Robot; The Complete Robot; Robot Visions)
2004 - "Robot AL-76 Goes Astray" (The Rest of the Robots; The Complete Robot)
2008 (2035) - I, Robot: To Protect by Mickey Zucker Reichert
2009 (2036) - I, Robot: To Obey by Mickey Zucker Reichert
2010 - “Insert Knob A in Hole B” (Nightfall and Other Stories)
2015 - “Runaround” (I, Robot; The Complete Robot; Robot Visions)
2015 - “Reason” (I, Robot; The Complete Robot; Robot Visions)
2016 - “Catch That Rabbit” (I, Robot; The Complete Robot)
2021 - “Liar!” (I, Robot; The Complete Robot; Robot Visions)
2023 (1995) - “Satisfaction Guaranteed” (The Rest of the Robots; The Complete Robot; Earth Is Room Enough)
2024 - “Balance” by Mike Resnick (Foundation’s Friends)
2026 - “Blot” by Hal Clement (Foundation’s Friends)
2029 - “Little Lost Robot” (I, Robot)
2031 - “Cal” (Gold)
2032 - “Evidence” (I, Robot; The Complete Robot; Robot Visions)
2032 - “PAPPI” by Sheila Finch (Foundation’s Friends)
2032 - “Lenny” (The Rest of the Robots; The Complete Robot; Robot Visions)
2033 - “Risk” (The Rest of the Robots; The Complete Robot)
2033 - “Escape!” (I, Robot)
2034 - “Galley Slave” (The Rest of the Robots; The Complete Robot; Robot Visions)
2035 - “First Law” (The Rest of the Robots; The Complete Robot)
2036 - “Plato’s Cave” by Poul Anderson (Foundation’s Friends)
2052 - “The Evitable Conflict” (I, Robot; The Complete Robot; Robot Visions)
2055 - “Robot Dreams” (Robot Dreams)
2058 - I, Robot
2063 - “Feminine Intuition” (The Complete Robot; Robot Visions; The Bicentennial Man and Other Stories)
2065 - “The Fourth Law of Robotics” by Harry Harrison (Foundation’s Friends)
2090 - “Christmas Without Rodney” (Robot Visions)
2120 - “Kid Brother” (Gold)
2140 Robots in Time by William F. Wu (six volumes)
1. Predator
2. Marauder
3. Warrior
4. Dictator
5. Emperor
6. Invader
2150 - “Light Verse” (Buy Jupiter and Other Stories; The Complete Robot; Robot Dreams)
2170 - “Too Bad!” (Robot Visions)
2180 - “That Thou Art Mindful of Him” (The Bicentennial Man and Other Stories; The Complete Robot)
2200 - “Carhunters of the Concrete Prairie” by Robert Sheckley (Foundation’s Friends)
2160-2360 - The Positronic Man by Isaac Asimov and Robert Silverberg
2425 -“Mother Earth” (The Early Asimov)
3421 - The Caves of Steel
3422 - The Naked Sun
3423 - “Mirror Image” (The Best of Isaac Asimov; The Complete Robot; Robot Visions)
3424 - “Strip-Runner” by Pamela Sargent (Foundation’s Friends)
3424 - The Robots of Dawn
3604 - Robot City (six volumes)
1. Odyssey by Michael P. Kube-McDowell
2. Suspicion by Mike McQuay
3. Cyborg by William F. Wu
4. Prodigy by Arthur Byron Cover
5. Refuge by Rob Chilson
6. Perihelion by William F. Wu
3605 - Robots and Aliens (six volumes)
1. Changeling by Stephen Leigh
2. Renegade by Cordell Scotten
3. Intruder by Robert Thurston
4. Alliance by Jerry Oltion
5. Maverick by Bruce Bethke
6. Humanity by Jerry Oltion
3616 - Mirage by Mark W. Tiedemann
3617 - Chimera by Mark W. Tiedemann
3618 - Aurora by Mark W. Tiedemann
3623 - Have Robot, Will Travel by Alexander C. Irvine
3624 - Robots and Empire
3730 - Caliban by Roger MacBride Allen
3731 - Inferno by Roger MacBride Allen
3736 - Utopia by Roger MacBride Allen
4850 - The Stars, Like Dust
11129 - The Currents of Space
827 GE (12411 ) - Pebble in the Sky
977-978 GE - “Blind Alley” (The Early Asimov)
12020 GE - Prelude to Foundation
12028 GE - “Eto Demerzel” (Forward the Foundation)
12028 GE - Foundation’s Fear by Gregory Benford
12038 GE - “Cleon I” (Forward the Foundation)
12048 GE - “Dors Venabili” (Forward the Foundation)
12058 GE - “Wanda Seldon” (Forward the Foundation)
12067 GE - Foundation and Chaos by Greg Bear
12067 GE - “The Psychohistorians” (Foundation)
12068 GE - Foundation’s Triumph by David Brin
12069 GE - Epilogue (Forward the Foundation)
12067-12070 GE - “The Originist” by Orson Scott Card (Foundation’s Friends)
49-50 FE (12117-12118 GE) - “The Encyclopedists” (Foundation)
79-80 FE (12147-12148 GE) - “The Mayors” (Foundation)
134 FE (12202 GE) - “The Traders” (Foundation)
154-160 FE (12222-12228 GE) - “The Merchant Princes” (Foundation)
195-196 FE (12263-12264 GE) - “The General” (Foundation and Empire)
270 FE (12338 GE) - “Trantor Falls” by Harry Turtledove (Foundation’s Friends)
310-311 FE (12378-12379 GE) - “The Mule” (Foundation and Empire)
316 FE (12384 GE) - “Search by the Mule” (Second Foundation)
376-377 FE (12444-12445 GE) - “Search by the Foundation” (Second Foundation)
498 FE (12566 GE) - Foundation’s Edge
498 FE (12566 GE) - Foundation and Earth
1056 FE (13124 GE) - “Foundation’s Conscience” by George Zebrowski (Foundation’s Friends)
1302 FE (13370 GE) - “No Connections” by Randall Garrett (The Best of Randall Garrett; Takeoff [both are Randall Garrett collections])
Now, not all of the dates listed above are what you might call canonical. Some of them are, but some are just wild-ass guesses on my part. Here's where they all came from:
“A Boy’s Best Friend”: Given the speed with which space is being explored and settled, a date of 1980 for the establishment of Lunar City seems reasonable. Assuming Anderson Senior was one of the original settlers, that places the story in 1995.
“Robbie”: Stated in I, Robot.
“Robot AL-76 Goes Astray”: After robots are banned from Earth in 2003-2007, before Susan Calvin joins US Robots in 2008.
“Insert Knob A in Hole B”: Before the use of robots on space stations, hence before “Reason”.
I Robot: To Protect: As stated in the novel, 2035. Based on Susan Calvin's age, given her birth in 1982, the story should take place in 2008.
I Robot: To Obey: As stated in the novel, 2036. Based on Susan Calvin's age, given her birth in 1982, the story should take place in 2009.
“Runaround”: Stated in I, Robot.
“Reason”: Six months after “Runaround”.
“Catch That Rabbit”: Six months after “Reason”.
“Liar!”: Stated in I, Robot.
“Satisfaction Guaranteed”: As stated in the story, takes place fifty years after World War II, i.e. in 1995. However, the characters have the same titles as in “Liar!”, and Susan Calvin is more knowledgable about emotions, so the story takes place after "Liar!". Also, Tony has more advanced vision than Dave in "Catch That Rabbit!"
“Balance”: Susan Calvin’s robotic servants flatter her in a manner similar to Herbie from “Liar!”, but she seems much more at ease with the idea, which places the story after “Liar!”
“Blot”: Story of the first exploratory mission to Miranda. Given a mission to Mars in 1998, a first expedition to Mercury in 2005, and bases on Titan in 2025, a mission to Uranus in 2026 seems reasonable.
“Little Lost Robot”: Stated in I, Robot.
“Cal”: Cal seems to be the prototype for the EZ robots of “Galley Slave”, so allowing a few years for the design and production of the latter places the story in 2031.
“Lenny”: Peter Bogart is now Senior Mathematician, so the story comes between “Little Lost Robot” and "Risk".
“Evidence”: Stated in I, Robot.
“PAPPI”: Immediately after “Evidence”.
“Risk”: Takes place ‘some years’ after “Little Lost Robot”.
“Escape”: Within a few months of “Risk”. (In I, Robot, "Escape" comes immediately after "Little Lost Robot", but logically, ought to come after "Risk".)
“Galley Slave”: Stated in the story.
“First Law”: Stated in the story.
“Plato’s Cave”: Shortly before Stephen Byerly becomes Regional Coordinator.
“The Evitable Conflict”: Stated in I, Robot.
“Robot Dreams”: Late in Susan Calvin’s career with US Robots.
I, Robot: The links between the stories are set fifty years after Susan Calvin joins US Robots in 2008.
“Feminine Intuition”: Five years after Susan Calvin retires from US Robots in 2058.
“The Fourth Law of Robotics”: Susan Calvin’s great-niece has her job.
“Christmas Without Rodney”: Slighting reference to the 20th century suggests the story takes place in the 21st. Common use of robot servants suggests the latter part of the century, when the Frankenstein Complex has faded away.
“Kid Brother”: Acceptance of household robots on Earth dates the story to the same general era as “Christmas Without Rodney” and “Light Verse”.
Robots in Time: Stated in volume 1, Predator.
“Light Verse”: Features a robot that is capable of original artistic expression (as was Andrew Martin), at a time when robot servants are accepted (as was Andrew Martin). These both suggest that the story takes place near the beginning of The Positronic Man.
“Too Bad!”: Sometime in the 22nd century, before the creation of the simplified robots in “That Thou Art Mindful of Him”.
“That Thou Art Mindful of Him”: Takes place about two hundred years after US Robots is founded (i.e. circa 2182). Mentions that the Machines phased themselves out of existence a hundred years earlier (circa 2082).
“Carhunters of the Concrete Prairie”: The combination of interstellar exploration and robots places this story at the time of the settlement of the Spacer worlds.
The Positronic Man: Andrew Martin is about a hundred years old “nearly two centuries” after Susan Calvin’s death in 2064.
“Mother Earth”: Takes place at the end of “the first few centuries of interstellar travel” when the Outer Worlds “were controlled, politically and economically, by Earth.” (quotations from The Caves of Steel, Chapter 5).
The Caves of Steel: Takes place a thousand years after emigration to the Outer Worlds ends. It also takes place 19 years after Elijah Baley first meets Jessie Navodny “back in ’02.”
The Naked Sun: Takes place one year after The Caves of Steel.
“Mirror Image”: Takes place one year before The Robots of Dawn i.e. one year after The Naked Sun.
“Strip-Runner”: Takes place after Elijah Baley starts his Outside group, but shortly before The Robots of Dawn (since the events in that novel aren’t mentioned in the story).
The Robots of Dawn: Takes place two years after The Naked Sun.
Robot City: Takes place about twenty years before Robots and Empire (Han Fastolfe is still alive, and the number of Settler worlds is smaller than in RaE).
Robots and Aliens: Takes place one year after Robot City.
Mirage: Features older versions of characters from the Robot City series, but takes place before the disappearance of the Solarians in Robots and Empire.
Chimera: Takes place one year after Mirage.
Aurora: Takes place one year after Chimera.
Have Robot, Will Travel: Takes place five years after Aurora.
Robots and Empire: Takes place two hundred years after The Robots of Dawn.
Caliban: Takes place a century after the Solarians vanish.
Inferno: Takes place one year after Caliban.
Utopia: Takes place five years after Inferno.
The Stars, Like Dust: Takes place a thousand years after Earth suffers nuclear bombardment (perhaps in an attack by the more conservative Spacer worlds).
The Currents of Space: Takes place five centuries before the founding of the Galactic Empire. (Note: Foundation’s Edge takes place about 22,000 years after interstellar travel begins, i.e. 24,000 CE. This is 12,566 years after the founding of the Galactic Empire, which sets the Empire’s foundation around the year 11,500. For no good reason, I’ve chosen 11,585 CE for the year 1 GE.)
Pebble in the Sky: Stated in the novel.
“Blind Alley”: Stated in the story.
Prelude to Foundation: Stated in the novel.
“Eto Demerzel”: Eight years after Prelude to Foundaton.
Foundation’s Fear: Shortly after “Eto Demerzel”.
“Cleon I”: Ten years after “Eto Demerzel”.
“Dors Venabili”: Ten years after “Cleon I”.
“Wanda Seldon”: Ten years after “Dors Venabili”.
Foundation and Chaos: Same time as “The Psychohistorians”.
“The Psychohistorians”: Takes place two years before Hari Seldon’s death in 12,069 GE.
Foundation’s Triumph: Takes place after “The Psychohistorians”.
“Epilogue”: Hari Seldon’s death.
“The Originist”: Begins shortly after Hari Seldon’s trial, ends several months after Seldon’s death.
“The Encyclopedists”:Takes place 50 years after the Foundation is established in 12,068 GE.
“The Mayors”: Takes place 30 years after “The Encyclopedists”.
“The Traders”: Takes place “two decades” before “The Merchant Princes”.
“The Merchant Princes”: Begins “almost 75 years” after “The Mayors”, ends six years later.
“The General”: Begins “over 40 years” after Hober Mallow’s meeting with Onum Barr in “The Merchant Princes”.
“Trantor Falls”:Takes place forty years before “The Mule”.
“The Mule”: Takes place 17 years after Han Pritcher joins the Army in 293 FE.
“Search by the Mule”: Takes place five years after the end of “The Mule”.
“Search by the Foundation”: Stated in the story.
Foundation’s Edge: Stated in the novel.
Foundation and Earth: Takes place immediately following Foundation’s Edge.
“Foundation’s Conscience”: Stated in the story.
“No Connections”: Takes place sometime after the establishment of the Second Empire.
(And now . . . the same list re-arranged in publication order.)
58 comments:
Sweet! Thanks for this awesome resource. A few thoughts (by the way, I'm the Jim Syler mentioned in the original post):
a) No green?
b) I think you've made the right decision about dating, especially with the Reichert novel. I think my inclination about "Satisfaction Guaranteed" is to stick with the authorial dating and place the story in, say, 2000 (allowing for some wiggle room in what "fifty years" might mean) and not try to fix the inconsistencies that Asimov created. However, your intention here is to present a chronological reading (or should I say rereading, as I would not recommend someone read these for the first time in this order) order that makes sense, so I understand why you've done it this way.
c) I think some stories unavailable elsewhere in current print editions (such as "Insert Knob A in Hole B") are available in Isaac Asimov: The Complete Stories. I don't have a copy, however, so I can't verify this.
d) As I noted above, I would not recommend that the uninitiated read these stories in this order the first time, as some major spoilers would be given away. Might it be possible to put publication dates in this list, and/or create a similar list ordered by publication date? If you don't, I may get around to it at some point :)
Where in the canon would you fit Sexy Robot?
No, Jim, I've decided that fanfic doesn't belong in this list -- not even my own.
B^4, I think Sexy Robot says "Cylon" rather than "positronic robot".
Why The Positronic Man instead of "The Bicentennial Man"?
And perhaps you should consider some Amazon links for the books listed here. I'm probably going to buy some of these books to round out my collection and I'd be happy to give you an Amazon commission along the way...
And since I'm here, let me retract what I said above about "Satisfaction Guaranteed." I hadn't realized that Calvin was still an undergraduate in 2000, making that an impossible date. Your way is best.
Hey Johnny, I have been reading this entire "series" on and off for a few years. With much cross referencing, I believed I had the entire collection as a whole. Your list has now added seven more stories to that very collection. A big shout out to you! There are a few other items of interest that you may want to look into as a continued part of Asimov's world pertaining to this growing series. 1) "Grow Old Along With Me" which is the original version of "Pebble In The Sky" found in the book The Alternate Asomovs, 2) Historical Crisis by Donald Kingsbury as a novella 1995, 3) Psychohistorical Crisis by Donald Kingsbury as a full length novel 2001. Hope to hear from you soon and a big thank you again to your most honorable list. :D
Awesome work dude, this is really useful for filling in gaps
@Calion: There is a much older version of Johnny's amazing list (from 11/01!) at: http://mysite.verizon.net/beyond_asimov/fictionlist/index.html
It's the version that includes the fan-fiction works. Frankly, it just clutters up an already lengthy list. But it is fun to look at! You can also find copies of the fan-fiction in the list at the base of my site. Some of the pages are broken, but still readable. I have no intention of fixing, adding to, or updating the site. Just thought I'd post the link for anyone interested in an old site.
Excellent! After reading this I found your "After Earth" site and read the story. It was pretty damn good and I hope you continue it.
I've also learned about the new Susan Calvin novel from this site...I had no idea. I'm gonna check that out and some other "fan fiction" I've found due to this list and other searches!
Thanks
jom
I have read the robot and foundation novels a few times now and have always wanted to read them in a "historical" order. It will take me some time to track down some of these stories, but anything worth while is worth taking the time to do right. Thank you for the time and effort in producing this list. I look forward to the future.
I don't see "Segregationist" in this list. It's in The Complete Robot.
In that context, it's a little ironic that robots are specifically prohibited from posting comments to this blog post.
Hm. Nor is "The Tercentenary Incident." I presume that this and "Segregationist" are not thought of as in the Foundation timeline. Perhaps (probably) you've looked at it more closely than I, but I don't see anything in those stories that contradicts canon timeline.
I mention this because I'm trying to put together a "reading order" for those new to the Foundation Universe. It seems to me that neither chronological nor publication order will do. Chronological order gives away spoilers, and strict publication order is unnecessarily disjointed.
Note that the framing story of I, Robot, though set in 2058, was actually "published" in 2064 or 2065 (per the last sentence of the book).
I just noticed that a Multivac appears in "…That Thou Art Mindful of Him." Does that imply that the Multivac stories are part of this timeline too?
Hi Jim, thanks for the comments.
It's important to remember that not all of Asimov's positronic robot stories fit into the Susan Calvin/R. Daneel timeline. "Let's Get Together" and "Victory Unintentional" are two examples.
I don't include "Segregationist" because the reference to robots gaining citizenship seems at odds with the series. Andrew Martin achieved it, but he was uniquely exceptional (which is what made his story worth telling).
The political situation in "The Tercentenary Incident" is different enough from that in the Susan Calvin stories that I don't think it fits in.
As for the Multivac stories, they don't really fit into a coherent timeline. Asimov would just use whatever background fit the needs of each particular story, without worrying about whether the stories as a whole were internally consistent.
And yes, I did notice that the "publication" of the I, Robot framing story is set four or five years after the narrator's interviews with Calvin.
I hope all of this makes sense.
Something's gone wrong with the formatting. You seem to be missing carriage returns after several entries, including "Blot," "Lenny," “The Fourth Law of Robotics," “Carhunters of the Concrete Prairie," and The Positronic Man.
Thanks for the head's up, Jim. I think I've got it fixed.
Great work, making this list available, thank you for doing so.
One question: shouldn't be "The End of Eternity' at the top of the list?
If I remember correctly the story of the eternals was reverenced to by RDaneel.
A possible solution to the "Satisfaction Guaranteed" question.
In the linking narrative in the collection "I, Robot", Susan Calvin says "When I was born, young man, we had just gone through the last World War. It was a low point in history - but it was the end of nationalism. Earth was too small for nations and they bgan grouping themselves into Regions."
Asimov wrote this in 1950 and he is clearly not referring to the Second World War, but to another war that ended near to Susan Calvin's birth, i.e. about 1980.
The war referred to as fifty years before "Satisfation Guaranteed would be this same war. (In which case, the reference to it as "World War Two" is an error in the text.) That would place "Satisfation Guaranteed" around 2030.
This is ana amazing work! I strongly encourage you to copy it into Wikipedia (without you explicit persmission to copy, we can only link to it: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Asimov%27s_Robots_and_Aliens )
no empire novels? no "end of eternity"?
The Empire novels are right there…
This is bloody amazing! I like to read series in chronological order and I was going through pains to try and work out the order of all the Asimov books (including the non-canonical ones), but you have saved me a long job.
Thanks!
Hey Johnny -
Can I ask you about the "works in blue are by other writers with the approval of the Asimov Estate, and works in red are by other writers but are not necessarily canonical" comment?
I'm not clear on what you consider the distinction between these stories by writers other than Asimov himself, except that some were written and published while he was alive, which I would assume he himself would have authorized.
I don't know the extent to which he involved himself in reviewing the actual books - although it would seem to make sense that he'd want to make sure the books remained faithful to the spirit of his own stories, if for no other reason that to preserve the 'franchise value' of his own name.
Your quote tends to make it sound as if the titles listed here in red might be somehow LESS canonical than the ones authorized by the Asimov Estate, whereas to my mind, if anything, the opposite would be true - I would tend to view those works by other writers written under license issued by Asimov himself as MORE canonical than those written after his death, in which he could have NO possible involvement.
I think the ROBOT CITY and ROBOTS & ALIENS books could certainly be considered "more authorized" than those that were written and published after Asimov's death, and thus are more likely to be considered canonical. FOUNDATION'S FRIENDS might be more likely to be an exception to that, due to the nature of the stories as 'tributes' to Asimov's fictional universes.
But really if you're just calling anything NOT written by Asimov himself "not necessarily canonical", there's nothing wrong with that. I just question why the separation of red and blue? Shouldn't ALL the titles from CALIBAN by Roger MacBride Allen onward be considered as "authorized by the Asimov Estate" in the legal sense, even if it doesn't specifically state that in the publisher's indicia for the book?
Earth was not made radioactive via a bombardment, but through a radioactivity poisoning plan worked out and implemented by Dr. Keldon Amadiro and Dr. Levular Mandamus, of Aurora, in 4924AD. Unlike natural radioactivity or the radioactivity resulting from nuclear war, which decays and weakens over time, this version increased in severity with time, eventually rendering the planet completely uninhabitable. Attempts by the Empire to replace the poisoned soil of the planet with clean soil failed.
Hello, I aM clinton nancy After being in relationship with Anderson for years, he broke up with me, I did everything possible to bring him back but all was in vain, I wanted him back so much because of the love I have for him, I begged him with everything, I made promises but he refused. I explained my problem to my friend and she suggested that I should rather contact a spell caster that could help me cast a spell to bring him back but I am the type that never believed in spell, I had no choice than to try it, I mailed the spell caster, and he told me there was no problem that everything will be okay before three days, that my ex will return to me before three days, he cast the spell and surprisingly in the second day, it was around 4 pm. My ex called me, I was so surprised, I answered the call and all he said was that he was so sorry for everything that happened that he wanted me to return to him, that he loves me so much. I was so happy and went to him that was how we started living together happily again. Since then, I have made promise that anybody I know that have a relationship problem, I would be of help to such person by referring him or her to the only real and powerful spell caster who helped me with my own problem. email: drogunduspellcaster@gmail.com you can email him if you need his assistance in your relationship or any other Case.
1) Love Spells
2) Lost Love Spells
3) Divorce Spells
4) Marriage Spells
5) Binding Spell.
6) Breakup Spells
7) Banish a past Lover
8.) You want to be promoted in your office/ Lottery spell
9) want to satisfy your lover
Contact this great man if you are having any problem for a lasting solution
through DR ODOGBO34@GMAIL.COM
Why is "Nemesis" not on this list?...it seems designed to be an origin story for the Spacers.
Nemesis does not seem to be in the Foundation timeline. Although it is mentioned in Forward the Foundation, it’s almost impossible to reconcile with the Timeline. Nemesis is set in 2236, but hyperdrive was developed in 2033, making the plot of Nemesis make no sense if it’s in the same timeline as Foundation.
Dilemma, by Connie Willis, is not on the list, although it is listed on ISFDB as a Positronic Robot Stories?
follow-up Q - I, Arachnobot, by Brian Trent, is also not on the list? it is also listed as a Positronic Robot Story on ISFDB.
You put too few years between the early robot stories and the "Robots & Earth" trilogy (Caves, Naked Sun, The Robots of Dawn). New York was replaced by the roofed City 3000 years after its foundation, so The Caves of Steel should happen close to 5000 AD
^ Agreed with the poster above who mentioned the slightly-"off" dating of the Elijah Baley/R. Daneel Olivaw novels -- it should really be over millennium-and-a-half further into the future than it is here. Basically, the date of the Sarton murder-case can be calculated from Baley's statement that the city of New York had been around for at least 3,000 years by the time of the novel's events. As New York was renamed from "New Amsterdam" by the British in 1664 AD, this puts the Sarton murder-case at or after 4664 AD. Baley had met his future wife nineteen years earlier, in "’02"...so, if that was 4702 AD, the Sarton murder case must be 4721 AD.
This is the most wonderful thing i have ever experienced. I visited here online on the 17 June and i saw a marvelous testimony of Tracie Adana from United States on the forum about the good works DR.tunde I never believed it, because have never heard anything about such miracle before. No body would have been able to convince me about it not until DR.tunde did a marvelous work for me that restored my marriage of 4 years by getting back my husband back i just as i read on the internet. I'm Carolina peter I was truly shocked when my husband knelt down pleading for forgiveness to accept him back. I am really short of words to use to show my appreciation to DR.tunde For his a God sent to me and my entire family for divine restoration of my marriage. Contact him now for any kind of help via Email:babatundesolutioncentre1@gmail.com or you can contact his whats-app mobile line +2348143581382 Also specialize in treating all kinds of illness, HERPES VIRUS, HEPATITIS B, CANCER, BRAIN DISEASE, PREGNANCY, DIABETES AND MORE
HOW DR. UNEME brought back my ex lover unemespellben@gmail.com
Am DONNA, am from UK. After been in a relationship with my Boyfriend for 1 year now and we were planning to get married soon and all of a sudden he left me for another girl. of a truth, I really love this guy and never can I imagine life without him. I further tried all my best to get him back but all my effort to get him back in my life did not work out. It was on this faithful day, I came across some Testimonies on a website about this great spell caster called (Dr. UNEME) any persons claimed that he help them to renew their relationship and bring their ex lover back, I had to contact him because he was my last hope. I contacted him through his email and he assured me that in three days time my boyfriend is going to leave the other girl and come back to me and it was a very great surprise to see my boyfriend coming back to me after three days the spell was done. I am so very happy today that he came back to me and i achieved this with the help of Dr UNEME I equally want to use this opportunity to Tell/Advice to as many who need their ex back, if you need his help you can Contact him through
EMAIL: unemespellben@gmail.com WHATSAPP HIM @ +2348143813120
Thank You Once Again Dr.UNEME
I WANT TO LET THE WORLD KNOW ABOUT THE MIGHTY SPELL CASTER DR OKEKE ODIN WHO HELPED ME BROUGHT BACK MY HUSBAND BACK HOME TO MY KIDS. I WAS MARRIED TO MY HUSBAND WILLIAM SCOTCH FOR SEVEN YEARS AND WE LIVED HAPPILY TOGETHER UNTIL A CERTAIN DAY HE JUST WOKE UP FROM SLEEP TO TELL ME THAT HE DOES NOT LOVE ME ANY MORE. AT FIRST I TAUGHT IT WAS A JOKE BUT WITH TIME I BECAME TO SEE THAT HE WAS SERIOUS.WE ALREADY HAVE TWO KIDS TOGETHER AND I WAS ALREADY PREGNANT FOR MY THIRD BABY. SO A DAY CAME WHEN HE JUST ARRANGED HIS BAGS AND SAID HE WAS LEAVING THE HOUSE FOR GOOD AND NOT LONGER INTERESTED IN THE RELATIONSHIP. I FOUND OUT THAT HE WAS IN LOVE WITH ANOTHER GIRL AND THEY BOTH TRAVELED OUT OF THE STATE. AS I WAS READING THROUGH THE INTERNET ABOUT DIVORCE, I READ ABOUT THIS GREAT SPELL CASTER DR OKEKE SO I CONTACTED HIM FOR HELP. HE TOLD ME NOT TO WORRY THAT IN JUST 48 HOURS, THAT MY HUSBAND WAS GOING TO COME BACK. I NEVER BELIEVED HIM UNTIL THE FOLLOWING DAY WHEN MY HUSBAND CAME TO THE HOUSE ASKING FOR MY FORGIVENESS. NOW WE ARE HAPPY TOGETHER WITH OUR KIDS AND THE EVIL WOMAN THAT CAUSE THE PROBLEM IN MY MARRIAGE WAS SENT AWAY BY MY HUSBAND. YOU CAN CONTACT DR OKEKE TODAY TO SAVE YOUR MARRIAGE OR RELATIONSHIP REACH HIM ON HIS (writelovespell@gmail.com) or reach him on whatsAp on +2348140443360 HE IS THE BEST SPELL CASTER AND SOLUTION TO ALL YOUR PROBLEMS AND PREDICAMENTS
Wow. As spam goes, that’s pretty entertaining.
Hello I'm From Memphis Tennessee, USA I feel so joyful today because of the help Dr Sunny has rendered to me for getting my Husband back with his spell. I have been married for 4 years and it has been so terrible because my husband was cheating on me and was seeking for a divorce. But when i came across Dr Sunny Email, on the internet posted by a lady, i decided to get in touch with him and i explained my situation to him and then seek his help but to my greatest surprise he told me that he will help me with my case for there is no problem without a solution. Here i am celebrating because my Husband is back home and am really enjoying my marriage, what a great celebration. i will keep on testifying on the internet because Dr Sunny is truly a real spell caster. Why not contact Dr Sunny now if you are facing any challenges in your relationship life. Email solutioncentre911@gmail.com Also specialize i 1) love Spell2) Spell lost love
3) Spells divorce
4) Spells of marriage
5) Spell binding
6) Spells of break
7) Banish a lover past.
8.) You want to be promoted in your office
9) you want to satisfy your lover
contact this great man if you have a problem for a lasting solution Through Email: solutioncentre911@gmail.com
Spell to fix your broken marriage or relationship problem or after a divorce or Breakup,I was recently scam by two of them, until one faithful day i meet a man called Dr Oselumen who help me to get back to the father of my kid after we have been separated for two years,I only pay for the items required for the spell and he cast the spell for me within 24hours my ex husband called me and beg me to forgive him for everything until the end of the world he will never leave me again we are back together.if you need a real and quick love spell or you are passing through pregnancy problem Dr Oselumen is the answer, Please if any body needs. LOVE SPELL,LOTTERY,PREGNANCY SPELL, DIVORCE SPELL,STOP COURT CASE AND WIN ANY COURT PROBLEM,DEATH SPELL,BUSINESS SPELL AND MANY MORE YOU MAY NEED. Email him now for your own help. via email droselumen@gmail.com add him on whatsapp line or call +2348054265852.
What a wonderful and a straight forward spell caster that has brought back joy and happiness into my life! Am giving this testimony because am so happy, I want to thank Dr. Osasu for the great thing He has done in my life , He brought happiness back to my life, I never believed in spell casters until my life fell apart when my lover of 6 years decided to call it quit almost when we wanted to get married. I was so emotional breakdown to the extent i could not do anything reasonable again, after 2months in pain before an old friend of mine introduced me to a spell caster on line called Dr Osasu, this was after I have been scammed by various fake spell casters. I was introduced me to Dr Osasu a true Spell Caster. In less than 24 hours i saw wonders, my lover came back to me and my life got back just like a completed puzzle, and after 1month later we got married and it was just like a dream to me because i thought i had lost him forever. Thank you Dr. Osasu for helping me but most of all, Your Honesty and Fast Accurate Results. email: Drosasu25@gmail.com WhatsApp Number: +2347064365391
Wow is good to be back with my ex again, thank you Dr Ekpen for the help, I just want to let you know that is reading this post in case you are having issues with your lover and is leading to divorce and you don’t want the divorce, Dr Ekpen is the answer to your problem. Or you are already divorce and you still want him/her contact Dr Ekpen the spell caster now on (ekpentemple@gmail.com) and you will be clad you did
I am very grateful to this great spell caster who brought my ex husband back to me. This testimony is an amazing one and my name is Renato Sanchez. When i came in contact with this man it was also through a testimony written about him and i have also encountered many testimonies about how he has been helping others with their life. To get back with an ex is one of the most inner most feeling many people would love to experience especially as those memories with our ex always cloud our mind when someone else does some of those things our ex used to do. I was a single parent for almost 6 years and though my ex husband was far away from my kids i still wish someday he will return back to me. This spell doctor i encountered known as Doctor UZOYA helped me with my wishes and i am happy to say that i am back with my ex husband and i am very happy sharing the testimony with everyone so that they too can meet this great doctor and solve their problems. his contact address; driraborspellcaster@gmail.com OR call his Whatsapp number on +1(301)909 8775. thank you so much Dr,UZOYA
A big thanks to Dr Oselumen i never believe that there still exist a real death spell caster after all this years of disappointment from the enormous spammers on the Internet who go about scamming people, until i was opportune to meet Dr Oselumen a real spell caster, through a close friend called Jennifer who Dr oselumen had helped before, when i contacted him with his email via droselumen@gmail.com i explain how my ex have been giving me problem in my marriage, she never allowed me a moment of peace, and i need to end it by killing her, and i don't want to make use of assassin because it will be risky so i needed to do it in a spiritual way that's why i decided to contact him, he assured me not to worry as i have contacted the right person at the right time, i co-operated with him and in less than a week my ex was dead, she slept and never woke up all thanks to Dr Oselumen indeed he's really a humble man. you can contact dr oselumen for any death spell, such as to kill your superior in the office and take his or her place, death spell to kill your father and inherit his wealth ,death spell to kill anyone who have scammed you in the past ,spell for increase in salaries, spell for promotion at the office, spell to get your ex lover back, if things is not working well in your life then you need to contact him now via Email droselumen@gmail.com call or add him on whatsapp +2348054265852.
Hello my name is Belinda i want to share my amazing experience with the greatest spell caster Dr irekenagba. my husband was cheating on me and when i found out we had a fight which lead to him filling for a divorce i cried and fell sick when i was searching about love quotes online i saw people talking about him and his great work whose case was similar to mine they left his contact info i contacted him and he told me not to worry that after 24hrs he will cancel the divorce and be back to me after i did everything he asked me to do to my greatest surprise the next day evening it was my husband he knelt down begging me to accept him back,thank you once again Dr irekenagba you are indeed a blessing to me he can also help you contact him on........
WhatsApp: +2347059630655
email:doctorirekenagba@gmail.com
TESTIMONY ON HOW I GOT MY LOAN FROM A GENUINE FINANCE COMPANY LAST WEEK. Email for immediate response: drbenjaminfinance@gmail.com
I am Mrs,Leores J Miguel by name, I live in United State Of America, who have been a scam victim to so many fake lenders online between November last year till July this year but i thank my creator so much that he has finally smiled on me by directing me to this new lender who put a smile on my face this year 2020 and he did not scam me and also by not deceiving or lying to me and my friends but however this lending firm is BENJAMIN LOAN INVESTMENTS FINANCE (drbenjaminfinance@gmail.com) gave me 2% loan which amount is $900,000.00 united states dollars after my agreement to their company terms and conditions and one significant thing i love about this loan company is that they are fast and unique. {Dr.Benjamin Scarlet Owen} can also help you with a legit loan offer. He Has also helped some other colleagues of mine. If you need a genuine loan without cost/stress he his the right loan lender to wipe away your financial problems and crisis today. BENJAMIN LOAN INVESTMENTS FINANCE holds all of the information about how to obtain money quickly and painlessly via Call/Text: +1(415)630-7138 Email: drbenjaminfinance@gmail.com
When it comes to financial crisis and loan then BENJAMIN LOAN INVESTMENTS FINANCE is the place to go please just tell him I Mrs. Leores Jazbel direct you Good Luck....
Am sharing this testimony to partners suffering in their relationships because there is an enduring solution. My husband left me and our 4 kids for another woman for 1 year. I tried to be strong just for my kids but I could not control the pains that torment my heart. I was hurt and confused. I needed a help, so i did a research on the internet and came across a site where I saw that Dr. Godday a spell caster,who can help get lot lovers back within few hours I contacted him and he did a special prayer and spells for me. To my surprises, after few days, my husband came back home. That was how we reunited again and there was a lot of love, joy and peace in the family. You can as well contact Dr. Godday, a powerful spell-caster for solutions on his contact Email: goddayspiritualhome@gmail.com Whats app only +1{919}4956404
My husband and I have been married for over 10 years. We met when I was 18 and he was 21. We’ve been through a lot emotionally together. There were several HUGE fights and painful situations in our marriage, but we always seemed to come out stronger on the other side. Out of the blue my husband just sprung the divorce talk on me, I was totally depressed until I found Dr.Todd website online and I ordered for a Love spell. You won’t believe my husband called me at the exact time this spell caster finished his spell work in 48hrs. I was totally amazed! He is wonderful and his spells work so fast. His Email: manifestspellcast@ gmail. com manifestspellcast.wordpress.com
Going through a divorce case is very heart broken when you love your partner with the whole of your heart.. My husband left me for a total stranger and I could not imagine what the hell was happening because everything looks like a dream to me. I was lost and confused about my life without any way to get a solution to make my husband see reasons with me that I love him so much. I was very depressed and desperate to win back my husband and I searched on GOOGLE for help about my situation and I got recommended to Lord Zakuza who is a powerful spell caster for he has so many magnificent testimonies and reviews on the internet from different people all over the world. I got in touch with him and I poured out my sorrowful heart to him and he encouraged and promised to help me out. He gave me some instructions of which a adhered to and within 48 hours of contacting Lord Zakuza my attorney called me to get me informed that the divorce case has been cancelled and I got a call from my husband 30 minutes after I finished speaking to my attorney. My husband and I are so much in Love with endless care and happiness and I so much thank Lord Zakuza for doing this for me and I know people out there might also need their partner or lovers back or want to get pregnant for your partner or husband. So, you can Text & WhatsApp Lord Zakuza on +1 (740) 573-9483 or email him via: ( Lordzakuza7@gmail.com ) for a change of story in your love life. Cheers!!!
Going through a divorce case is very heart broken when you love your partner with the whole of your heart.. My husband left me for a total stranger and I could not imagine what the hell was happening because everything looks like a dream to me. I was lost and confused about my life without any way to get a solution to make my husband see reasons with me that I love him so much. I was very depressed and desperate to win back my husband and I searched on GOOGLE for help about my situation and I got recommended to Lord Zakuza who is a powerful spell caster for he has so many magnificent testimonies and reviews on the internet from different people all over the world. I got in touch with him and I poured out my sorrowful heart to him and he encouraged and promised to help me out. He gave me some instructions of which a adhered to and within 48 hours of contacting Lord Zakuza my attorney called me to get me informed that the divorce case has been cancelled and I got a call from my husband 30 minutes after I finished speaking to my attorney. My husband and I are so much in Love with endless care and happiness and I so much thank Lord Zakuza for doing this for me and I know people out there might also need their partner or lovers back or want to get pregnant for your partner or husband. So, you can Text & WhatsApp Lord Zakuza on +1 740-573-9483 or email him via: ( Lordzakuza7@gmail.com ) for a change of story in your love life..
I was married for 16 years to a loving mother and wife. We had 2 children together who are now 11 & 13. I reconnected with an old girlfriend from college on Facebook and we began an affair and I left my wife. The woman I had an affair with is a wonderful woman and I love her too and our kids had begun accepting the situation and my wife has kind of moved on, but not in love with the man she is seeing. I thought I fell out of love with my wife and I felt terrible about what I did to her - she is a good woman and I don't know what came over me. I decided to try and get her back and I was recommended to Lord Zakuza for help to get reunited with my wife and within 48 hours after I made contact with Lord Zakuza my wife decided to work things out with me and now we are back together with our children living as one happy family. I really don't know the words to use in appreciation of what Lord Zakuza did for me but I will say thank you sir for reuniting I and my family back. For those in trying times with their marriages or relationship can browse through his website via: lordzakuzaspells.com or WhatsApp Lord Zakuza for help or text with this number +1 740 573 9483 or you can send him an email to Lordzakuza7@gmail.com
Did your husband or wife leave your life without any good explanation which makes you confused and you want them back in your life? Dr Ilekhojie is the right man for the job, he is a powerful spell caster blessed by his ancestors and accepted by the gods as their mouthpiece on earth, Dr Ilekhojie help me save my broken home by bringing back my husband to me with his powerful spell. I and my husband was separated 9 months without communication but with the spell cast by Dr Ilekhojie, he is back and we are one happy family again. Contact Dr Ilekhojie if you are facing any kind of life problems and you need a quick solution. Viber or Whatsapp: +2348147400259 or Email: (gethelp05@gmail.com)
After 8 years in marriage with my husband with 1 kid, my husband started acting weird and going out with other ladies and showed me cold love, on several occasions he threatens to divorce me if I dare question him about his affair with other ladies, I was totally devastated and confused until a old friend of mine told me about a spell caster on the internet called DR JOHN SOCO who help people with relationship and marriage problem by the powers of love spells, at first I doubted if such thing ever exists but decided to give it a try, when I contact him, he helped me cast a love spell and within 48 hours my husband came back to me and started apologizing, now he has stopped going out with other ladies and his with me for good and for real. Contact this great love spell caster for your relationship or marriage problem to be solved today via: Drjohnsoco @ gmail. com or directly WhatsApp +1 706 871 4571 .
My husband came to me and apologized for the wrongs he did and promised never to do it again. Ever since then, everything has returned back to normal. Thank you Dr OSELUMEN for saving my broken Marriage. Dr. OSELUMEN is the best online spell caster that is powerful and genuine. Email him today. Email him: droselumen@gmail.com or Call or text him on WhatsApp: +2348054265852 .. ....... He can also perform the following spell below 1. Lottery spell ......2 Good luck spell........3. Spell to win case in court.......4. pregnancy spell ........5. Death spell......
I don't really know how to thank Lord Zakuza enough for what he has done me. My husband ignored me and went back to his mistress for the past 3 months. If not for the intervention of Lord Zakuza, i wouldn't have gotten back my husband. He's powerful spell brought back my husband within 48 hours. Is there anyone out there who needs to get back to he's or her lover back? Then, I suggest that you get in touch with Lord Zakuza now through WhatsApp on + 1 (740) 573–9483 and for more information, here's his website: lordzakuzaspells.com God bless you sir.
MY Name Hanna Rosin, form, (USA) After 12years of marriage, me and my husband has been into one quarrel or the other until he finally left me and moved to California to be with another woman. I felt my life was over and my kids thought they would never see their father again. i tried to be strong just for the kids but i could not control the pains that torments my heart, my heart was filled with sorrows and pains because i was really in love with my husband. Every day and night i think of him and always wish he would come back to me, I was really upset and i needed help, so i searched for help online and I came across a website that suggested that Dr Osasu can help get ex back fast. So, I felt I should give him a try. I contacted him and he told me what to do and i did it then he did a Love spell for me. 28 hours later, my husband really called me and told me that he miss me and the kids so much, So Amazing!! So that was how he came back that same day, with lots of love and joy, and he apologized for his mistake, and for the pain he caused me and the kids. Then from that day, our Marriage was now stronger than how it were before, All thanks to Dr Osasu . he is so powerful and i decided to share my story on the internet that Dr. Osasu real and powerful spell caster who i will always pray to live long to help his children in the time of trouble, if you are here and you need your Ex back or your husband moved to another woman, do not cry anymore, contact this powerful spell caster now. Here’s his contact
Call/WhatsApp: +2347064365391
Email: drosasu25@gmail.com
Thank You verry much for Your CHRONOLOGY !!!
All the BEST !
I am so happy that I made the right decision when I turned to Osasco-Temple, who helped me get my ex back by casting a love spell on him. One of the best decisions I've ever made was to contact Osasco-Temple to help me get my lover back. I was a life full of happiness after contacting Osasco-Temple, because not only did he not bring me his lover, but he also fell in love with himself more unique and excellent. If you need to spice up your relationship with more love and attention, contact Osasco-Temple via email address [ osascotemple@gmail.com ] and be happy, just like me, thanks to Osasco-Temple for your great work.
Thanks for this updated list Johnny! I read through your old list years (decades?...my 23 year old son was really young at the time) ago and am getting ready to embark upon a reread here shortly.
Thank you for this list Johnny, I am using it to put together my audiobooks in a playlist by this order, specifically the Robots series. Using the recordings of Asimov audiobooks on the Internet Archive (and Adobe's AI enhancement to improve the quality of the recordings), I now have a very well ordered and listen-able series that I can't wait to dive into. One story that seemed to be missing was Robot Visions (from the book of the same name), which, thankfully, in the first paragraph mentions that it falls in the year 2030, so that's where I placed it. Again, thank you, this saved me a lot of time trying to figure out each short story's place. Now my last decision is to decide to either break up the stories in I, Robot or to keep them as a singular collection (dated 2058). The latter option will allow for the chapters involving the interview of Susan Calvin. The tough choices in life... :)
Post a Comment